//André Breton//
Leninimports.com
//Biog.//
- Known as: French writer & poet
- Claim to fame: Main founder of surrealism
- Born: February 18, 1896, Tinchebray (Orne), Normandy, France
- Date of death: September 28, 1966
- Buried: Cimetière des Batignolles, Paris
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Andre Breton was a doctor who discovered Freud's theories of the Unconscious while working with psychiatric cases in the Ist World War. He worked in a neurological ward in Nantes and it was here that he met Jacques Vaché (1895-1919). Vaché had an extreme anti-social outlook on life and loathed the established and conventional artistic traditions. He committed suicide at the age of 24 but not before heavily influencing Breton and, consequently, becoming one of the chief inspirations behind the Surrealist movement.
Breton evolved a theory of art and literature based on pschoanalysis which had great influence through the Surrealist Manifestoes of 1924, 1930 and 1942.
He was an autocratic leader of the Surrealists, constantly falling out and expelling other members. He also hated Jean Cocteau with a vengeance.
He died at the age of 70.
Dateline:
- 1919: Co-founds the review Littérature with
Louis Aragon and Philippe Soupault. Publication of Lettres de guerre, Vaché's war-time letters to Breton and others
- 1920: Les Champs Magnétiques is published, a novel collaboration with
Soupault
- 1924: Publication of Surrealist Manifesto. Editor of La Révolution surréaliste
- 1927: Joins the French Communist Party
- 1928: Publication of novel Nadja
- 1933: Expelled from French Communist Party
- 1937: Publication of novel L'Amour Fou
- 1938: Travels to Mexico and meets Trotsky. The pair, with Diego Rivera, publish the manifesto Pour un art révolutionnaire indépendent
- 1941: Leaves France because of dissatisfaction with the Vichy government. Settles in the US and the Caribbean
- 1946: Returns to Paris
- 1961-65: La Brèche
- 1966: Dies on September 28
Trivia:
- His three wives were:
- Born into modest origins
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