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Frida Kahlo | (1907 - 1954)
At age 6, Frida was stricken with polio, which caused her right leg
to appear much thinner than the other. It was to remain that way permanently.
On September 17, 1925, when she was 18, she was riding a bus in Mexico City when it was
struck by a trolley car. A metal handrail pierced her abdomen, exiting through her vagina. Her spinal
column was broken in three places. Her collarbone, some ribs, and her pelvis were
broken, and her right leg was fractured in 11 places. Her foot was dislocated and
crushed. No one thought she would live, much less walk again, but, after a month in the hospital, she went
home. Encased for months in plaster body casts, Kahlo began to paint lying in bed with a special
easel rigged up by her mother. With the help of a mirror, Kahlo began painting her trademark subject: herself. Of
the 150 or so of her works that have survived, most are self-portraits. As she later said, "I paint myself because I am so often alone, because I am the subject I know best."
Once she was out and about after her accident, a close friend introduced
Frida to the artistic crowd of Mexico, which included Tina
Modotti (well
known photographer, actress, and communist) and
Diego Rivera.
Despite
Diego's affairs with other women (one was with Frida's sister),
he helped in many ways.
Kahlo shared
Rivera's faith in communism and passionate interest in the indigenous cultures of Mexico.
Rivera encouraged Kahlo in her work, extolling her as authentic, unspoiled and primitive, and stressing the Indian aspects of her heritage. During this period "Mexicanidad," the fervent embrace of pre-Hispanic Mexican history and culture, gave great currency to the notion of native roots. At the same time, being seen as a primitive provided an avenue for recognition for a few women artists. Kahlo, who had Indian blood on her mother’s side, was of Hungarian-Jewish descent on her father’s side. Although initially a self-taught painter, she was, through her relationship with Rivera, soon travelling in the most sophisticated artistic circles. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine that anyone who shared
Rivera’s life could have remained artistically naive.
During her lifetime, Kahlo did not enjoy the same level of recognition
as the great artists of Mexican muralism,
Rivera, Orozco, and
Siqueiros. However, over the last two decades that has changed and today
Kahlo’ s idiosyncratic, intensely autobiographical work is critically and monetarily as prized as that of her male peers, sometimes more so.
Her paintings, rooted in 19th-century Mexican portraiture, ingeniously incorporated elements of
Mexican pop culture and pre-Columbian primitivism that, in the 1930s, had never been done
before. Usually small, intimate paintings that contrasted with the grand mural tradition of
her time, her work was often done on sheet metal rather than canvas, in the style of Mexican street artists who
painted retablos, or small votive paintings that offer thanks to the Virgin Mary or a saint for a miraculous
deliverance from misfortune.
Frida let out all of her emotions on a canvas. She painted her anger
and hurt over her stormy marriage, the painful miscarriages, and the physical
suffering she underwent because of the accident.
Kahlo who was so proud of her luxurious facial hair that she painted it right on to her self-portraits.
Frida, despite all of the hurt in her life, was an outgoing person whose
vocabulary was filled with 4 letter words. She loved to drink tequila
and sing off color songs to guests at the crazy parties she hosted. She
loved telling dirty jokes and shocking everyone around her. Frida amazed
people with her beauty and everywhere she went, people stopped in their
tracks to stare in wonder. Men were fascinated with her, and because of
this Frida had numerous, scandal filled affairs.
After Trotsky was assassinated, however, Kahlo turned on her old lover
with a vengeance, claiming in an interview that Trotsky was a coward and had
stolen from her while he stayed in her house (which wasn't true). "He irritated me
from the time that he arrived with his pretentiousness, his
pedantry because he thought he was a big deal," she said.
. Frida was later arrested
for his murder, but was let go.
Diego was also under suspicion for the
murder, but he was let go as well. Several years after
Trotsky's death,
Diego and Frida enjoyed telling people that they invited him to Mexico
just to get him killed, but no one knows if they were telling the truth
or not. They were fantastic story tellers.
The fact is that Kahlo turned on Trotsky because she had become a
devout Stalinist. Kahlo continued to worship Stalin even after it had become common
knowledge that he was responsible for the deaths of millions of people, not to mention Trotsky himself. One
of Kahlo's last paintings was called Stalin and I, and her diary is full of her
adolescent scribblings ("Viva Stalin!") about Stalin and her desire to meet him.
Frida also was a bisexual and had affairs with many women including the wife of the surrealist poet, Andre Breton.
Frida only had one exhibition in Mexico and it was in the spring
of 1953. Frida's health was very bad at this time and doctors told her
not to attend. Minutes after guests were allowed into the gallery, sirens
were heard outside. The crowd went crazy, for outside there was an ambulance
accompanied by a motorcycle escort. Frida Kahlo was being carried from
it into her exhibition on a hospital stretcher! The photographers and
reporters were shocked. She was placed in her bed in the middle of the
gallery. The mob of people went to greet her. Frida told jokes, entertained
the crowd, sang, and drank the whole evening. The exhibition was an
amazing success.
During the same year as her exhibition, Frida had to have her right
leg amputated below the knee due to a gangrene infection. This caused
her to become deeply depressed and suicidal.
She attempted suicide a couple of times. In 1954, suffering from pneumonia, Kahlo went to a Communist march to protest the U.S. subversion of the left-wing Guatemalan government. Four days later, she died in what may or may not have been a suicide.
No official autopsy was done.
Her last words in her
diary read "I hope the leaving is joyful and I hope never to return".
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When Frida entered high school she was a tomboy full of mischief who
became the ringleader of a rebellious group of mainly boys that continually
caused trouble in the National Preparatory School. This group pulled many
pranks, mainly on professors. It was also in the National Preparitory
School that Frida first came in contact with her future husband, the famous
Mexican muralist,
Although Frida's recovery was miraculous (she regained her ability to
walk), she did have relapses of tremendous pain and fatigue all throughout
her life, which caused her to be hospitalized for long periods of time,
bedridden at times, and also caused her to undergo numerous operations.
She once joked that she held the record for the most operations. Frida
underwent about 30 in her lifetime. She also turned to alcohol, drugs,
and cigarettes to ease the pain of her physical suffering.
Presumably because it generated respect and imparted credibility in the art world,
Kahlo encouraged the myth of her own primitiveness—in part by
adopting traditional Mexican dress—and it stayed with her throughout her career.
In 1936, Rivera, a dedicated Trotskyite, used his clout to
petition the Mexican government to give
All over the world, people loved Frida. When she went to France, she
was wined and dined by 
